The Victor Emmanuel Monument in Rome.  King Vittorio Emanuele II aka Victor Emmanuel (1820-1878), King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia, became the first king of unified Italy in 1861 after the first phase of the Italian Risorgimento (reunification) was completed.  The Italians would soon find out that it was easier to put together the country of Italy than it was to create the nation of Italy because of the enormous regional differences from north to south.  This monument (the Altare della Patria, "Altar of the Nation") was constructed of white marble between 1895 and 1911--not the greatest photo, but then again its not the greatest monument.

• Read chapter 21 in the textbook.
• Read my notes on nationalism, Garibaldi and the Italian Risorgimento and German unification.
  
• Study the Questions to Consider and the Key Terms for the week.
• Submit the Required Nationalism paragraph (50 points).

• Listen to some further information about this unit as a mp3 file.  You can also read the information as a txt file.
• Read my notes on the Dreyfus Affair, which rocked France at the turn of the century.
• I have available the lecture notes of Professor Thomas Hammond, one of my advisors at the University of Virginia, on Bismarck (*.pdf file).  These notes will give you not only a brief summary of Bismarck's diplomacy, but also give you an idea of what a professor's lecture notes look like.

• Listen to Thomas Edison's recording of Otto von Bismarck in 1889
• Bismarck: Germany From Blood and Iron (clip)
• The Wars of German Unification, 1864-1871 - Professor Richard J Evans
• John Merriman – Yale, Nationalism
• Professor Lynn Hunt –UCLA, Nationalism and Nation States
• For extra credit please suggest to your instructor a relevant video for this unit of the course. Send the title of the video, the URL and a brief explanation of why you find the video interesting and applicable to the material that is being studied in this unit.

• For up to 25 points of extra credit, in a one-page paper, compare and contrast German and Italian unification process. Please cite your sources.
• For up to 10 points of extra credit, explain the historical significance of Giuseppe Garibaldi in a long paragraph. Why is there no movie about him yet?
• For up to 5 points of extra credit, answer the Bismarck study sheet questions.
• For extra credit, please suggest a relevant website for this unit of the course.  Send your instructor the title of the site, the URL and a brief explanation why you find the information interesting and applicable to the material being studied this unit.

• Upon successful completion of this unit, you will be able to (1) describe developments in France, Italy and Germany in the nineteenth century and (2) analyze a historical primary source.